Taking in Religious Refugees

Margrave Christian Ernst (1644–1712)
Mezzotint by Jakob Weigel, after 1690

Several Protestant German princes responded to the prohibition of reformed religion in France by granting the refugees they took in some very generous privileges. Elector Friedrich Wilhelm of Brandenburg-Preußen's Potsdam Edict of 29th October 1685 served as an important precedent. It also inspired the Bayreuth Privilege issued on 28th November/8th December 1685 by Margrave Christian Ernst despite the objections of the Lutheran church authority.

Although this Privilege, apart from granting religious freedoms, mainly offered the refugees economic concessions, the first years were difficult for the new arrivals. Their often hasty departure and the deprivations of the journey resulted in poverty and illness. Their lodgings in the Old Town were extremely makeshift in nature. In addition, as newcomers they had to contend with the mistrust and rejection of the locals. Meanwhile, building construction in the New Town progressed sluggishly. Only after around two decades had passed, the hoped-for upswing arrived.