The Flight of the Huguenots

Protestants fleeing France
Copper engraving by Jan Luyken, Amsterdam 1696

This engraving shows the various ways people travelled by land – on foot or on horseback, and by sea – on fishing boats or trading ships. Several groups of refugees are arrested, taken onto galleys, or imprisoned.

The 18th October 1685 Edict of Fontainebleau ultimately prohibited Protestantism in France. It was the culmination and endpoint of a long chain of repressions imposed by King Louis XIV to return his Protestant subjects to the state religion of Catholicism.

Although the edict expressly prohibited emigration, more than 200,000 decided to flee. While the northern French Protestants emigrated mainly to England and the Netherlands, those in the south fled mainly to Switzerland. Switzerland, however, saw itself as no more than a staging post and channelled the reformists along prescribed routes to German territories willing to receive them. Often, whole groups of refugees were recruited by agents of local rulers.

The Huguenots to eventually settle in Erlangen crossed the border at Schaffhausen to reach the Principality of Bayreuth – mostly on foot. The first immigrants arrived on 17th May 1686.